Property

Use this covering letter to the court if you're a landlord applying for a possession order using the accelerated possession procedure for assured shorthold tenancy agreements. You will need to have already completed claim form N5B. This document can only be used for properties rented in England.

This document creates a covering letter to the court for a landlord issuing an application for a warrant of possession which is used to evict a tenant by a bailiff appointed by the court. It can only be used for possession proceedings in England or Wales.

To use this document, you will need to have obtained an order for possession of the property and the time for the tenant to vacate must have expired or the tenant must have breached the terms of a suspended possession order. You must have also completed Form N325 - Request for warrant of possession of land.

Note: if using this document in relation to a property in Wales, you must have started your possession claim before 1 December 2022.

The N215 certificate of service should generally be completed after having sent any court documents, such as claim forms or applications to the court, or other important documents to an opponent after (or sometimes before) court proceedings have begun. The form provides evidence that the documents have been served on an opponent. It is only suitable for claims within England & Wales.

Form N325 should be used to apply to the court to instruct court bailiffs to evict any tenants who have failed to vacate a property in England or Wales within the time given to them by the court under the terms of a possession order, or if the tenant has failed to comply with the terms of a suspended possession order.

It can also be used to instruct the court bailiff to recover any money owed by tenants. Once completed, this form must be sent to the relevant court together with the appropriate court fee to be issued.

Note: if using this document in relation to a property in Wales, you must have started your possession claim before 1 December 2022.

Use this court form to apply for a county court possession order for a property let under an assured shorthold tenancy agreement (AST) in England. It will create cover sheets for you to attach supporting documents to, if your circumstances require it.

To use this form, all of the following must be true:

• You're claiming possession of a property rented under a AST that began on or after 28 February 1997.
• All the fixed-term or contractual periodic AST agreements with the tenants are written.
• All of the tenants are individuals (i.e. not companies or organisations).
• At least one of the tenants occupies the property as their only home.
• None of the tenants are employed as an agricultural worker.
• If there is more than one landlord, none of them operate as a business.
• A section 21 notice has been served on the all the tenants at the same time and in the same way.
• Your claim is only for possession of your property and doesn't include any other claim (e.g. rent arrears).
• If you've received a deposit, you've paid it into a government-approved tenancy deposit scheme.
• If the first or latest tenancy agreement is dated on or before 1st December 2003, you've paid any owed stamp duty.

Under the Renting Homes (Wales) Act, if you let a property under a standard occupation contract (fixed-term or periodic) and you want to evict your contract-holders (i.e. tenants) due to serious rent arrears, this is the formal notice you must give them.

It tells them that you intend to make a court claim to evict them, which you can do from 14 days after serving the notice. It replaces the section 8 notice under the old rules.

Serious rent arrears means at least:

• 8 weeks' rent is in arrears (if the rent is paid weekly, fortnightly or every 4 weeks)
• 2 months' rent is in arrears (if rent is paid monthly)
• One quarter's rent is more than 3 months in arrears (if rent is paid quarterly)
• 25% of the rent is more than 3 months in arrears (if rent is paid each year)

If you've been told that the contract-holder has been granted breathing space under the debt respite scheme, you can't send this notice during this period without first getting a court's permission.

If you had a fixed-term assured shorthold tenancy in Wales that was still in the fixed-term period before 1 December 2022, it automatically converted to a fixed-term standard occupation contract on 1 December due to the Renting Homes (Wales) Act.

If you want to end the resulting converted fixed-term contract, this is the formal notice you must give to your contract-holders (i.e. tenants). It replaces the section 21 notice under the old rules.

You must give the notice to contract-holders before the end of the fixed term. It tells them when they need to move out. You must give them at least 2 months' notice. These are special rules that apply only to converted fixed-term occupation contracts.

However, you can only use this form if you've created and given a written converted fixed-term standard occupation contract to your contract-holders. You're not entitled to use the special rules for converted fixed-term contracts until you do this.

There are other qualifying conditions - our document questionnaire will guide you through these and warn if you need to take any action.

You can't use this notice if:

• the fixed-term has ended;
• you want to end the fixed-term early using a break clause; or
• you've already given a valid section 21 notice before 1 December 2022.

This document creates a covering letter to the court for a landlord issuing an application for judgment in default, which is used to obtain a possession order against a tenant who has failed to file a defence at court in time. To use this document, you will need to have issued a claim at court for possession of the property using 'Form N5B - Claim form for possession of property' and completed the application form for judgment in default which is provided by the court. Please note that this document can only be used in England and Wales.

Use this document to create a covering letter for a completed bailiff's questionnaire after you have obtained an order for a warrant of possession using Form N235 to evict a tenant.

The questionnaire will confirm the bailiffs' appointment to attend the property to evict the tenant.

Note: if using this document in relation to a property in Wales, you must have started your possession claim before 1 December 2022.

This is the formal notice that you must serve on (i.e. give to) your tenant to tell them that you're seeking possession of your property under section 21 of the Housing Act 1988.

Please note that this document can only be used in relation to properties in England, where an assured shorthold tenancy agreement is in place.

The documents contained in this pack include everything you will need before you can start court proceedings to claim back possession of your property if it is rented using an assured shorthold tenancy agreement .

Begin the process by using the document 'Notice under section 21 of the Housing Act 1988' along with its associated covering letter. (Please note that you cannot use this section 21 notice if you have not protected your tenants' deposit in a government-authorised tenancy deposit protection scheme and sent them notice of the scheme that you are using. If you have not yet done this, you should use the document 'Notice to tenant(s) of deposit protection scheme' first.)

Once you have correctly served the section 21 notice, use Form N215 - Certificate of service to record how and when the section 21 notice was served.

If the tenants do not move out of the property in the time stipulated in the section 21 notice, you can move to stage two in the process by using our pack 'Stage two: Start court proceedings for possession (accelerated possession)'. 

  Pack documents:

•    Notice to tenant(s) of deposit protection scheme
•    Notice under section 21 of the Housing Act 1988
•    Covering letter for section 21 notice
•    Form N215 - Certificate of service

Use this pack after correctly serving a notice confirming which deposit protection scheme you are using and/or a section 21 notice, and the tenant(s) have not vacated the premises within the time stipulated in the notice, you can use this pack to start court proceedings to obtain an order evicting your tenant(s).

The documents contained in this pack give you everything you must use in order to start court proceedings and obtain an order for possession. The pack contains all the court forms, letters and ancillary documents, such as schedules required to follow the court procedure and to claim back your costs, where your tenancy agreement states that the tenant(s) will be liable to pay for them.
You should begin the process by completing the document ‘Form N5B - Claim for possession of property (accelerated procedure)’ and send this to the court along with the associated covering letter ‘Covering letter for claim form N5B (issuing claim at court)’.

If the tenant(s) fails to defend your claim in the prescribed time governed by the court procedure, you will need to use the ‘Letter requesting judgment in default (accelerated possession procedure)’ and, if your tenancy agreement states that the tenant(s) will be liable to pay for your costs, our ‘Schedule of costs for applications to court to recover costs’.

Pack documents:

•    Form N5B - Claim for possession of property (accelerated procedure)
•    Covering letter for claim form N5B (issuing claim at court)
•    Letter requesting judgment in default (accelerated possession procedure)
•    Schedule of costs for applications to court to recover costs

Where you have obtained a court order for possession against your tenant(s) using the accelerated possession procedure and they have failed to vacate the property by the time stipulated in the order, you can use this pack to apply to the court bailiff to remove the tenant(s) from your property and to regain possession. The pack contains the court forms and letters required to follow the court procedure.

Begin the process by completing the document ‘Form N325 - Request for warrant of possession of land’ and sending it to the court using its associated covering letter ‘Covering letter for form N325 (application for warrant of possession)’. During the course of the court procedure you will need to send the ‘Letter to bailiffs enclosing completed forms’.
Pack documents:

•    Form N325 - Request for warrant of possession of land
•    Covering letter for form N325 (application for warrant of possession)
•    Letter to bailiffs enclosing completed forms

A general buy-to-let checklist to be used as initial guidance before entry into this investment market. This document allows you to print out a list of aspects to consider in a hard copy and then as you attend to each aspect it can be checked off the list. The document also provides a basic budget and profitability calculator for your proposed buy-to-let property. Please note that this document can only be used in respect of a property in England, Wales or Northern Ireland.

Use this document to create a licence for a business premises. A licence might be suitable where giving occupation is merely an act of friendship or generosity; the occupier will be sharing the premises, for example, a stall or kiosk; or where the arrangement is short term or temporary. Please note that this document can only be used in England & Wales and Northern Ireland.

This lease is suitable for a self-contained property located in the UK that will be let for between 7 and 20 years (for properties in England or Wales) or between 5 and 20 years (for properties in Scotland or Northern Ireland).

It can be drafted for a maximum of 2 landlords and 2 tenants, who can be individuals (or sole traders), limited companies, business partnerships or limited liability partnerships.

The lease contains a rent review, an optional break clause and standard obligations from the tenant, such as paying the rent, bills and taxes associated with the property, not transferring the lease without your permission and indemnifying you from various costs.

For properties in England or Wales:

• The property must have an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) with a rating of E or better.
• There is an option to exclude the tenant's right to renew the lease; the required notice to send to the tenant is included.

Use this agreement if you own a commercial property in the UK and you're granting a short-term tenancy. This means no more than 7 years for properties in England and Wales, 20 years for properties in Scotland, or 21 years for properties in Northern Ireland.

The lease is only appropriate for a self-contained building and shouldn't be used where there are shared facilities or if you intend to increase the rent during the term. It can be drafted for a maximum of 2 landlords and 2 tenants, who can be individuals (or sole traders), limited companies, business partnerships or limited liability partnerships.

For properties in England or Wales:

• The property must have an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) with a rating of E or better.
• There is an option to exclude the tenant's right to renew the lease; the required notice to send to the tenant is included.

For properties in Northern Ireland, if the proposed term is for 5 years or more, we recommend that you use our Medium term lease of commercial premises with rent review.

This pack provides the key documents required to create a basic legal record of the agreement you make with a builder when you engage their services for work.  It provides a request for work estimations that should be completed in order to document the scope of the work that will be undertaken for the agreed price, and a small scale contract that will dictate the terms under which the work will proceed.
See the individual information associated with each document in this pack for a full description of their use.

Use this landscaping contract when entering into an agreement with a landscaping contractor to provide new landscaping work and/or maintenance services. The document provides for an option to incorporate the specifications and plans of the landscaping work into the agreement. It also provides for various options with regards to the parties, payment, hard or soft landscaping work, new landscaping work or landscaping maintenance work. This document is only for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Use this letter to request an estimate or a quotation from a builder for undertaking building work. An estimate is an educated guess at what a job may cost, whilst a quotation is a fixed price for the work completed. You may find that a builder is more likely to give you an estimate than a quotation - this document includes guidance about how you might convert an estimate into a quotation. There is also information about how to assess whether the estimate/quotation you have been given is a good price for the work involved.

This document is a contract for a contractor to carry out small-scale building work to a residential property. It is intended for use by the owner of the property or the contractor. It should only be used where the owner lives in (or intends to live in) the property as a residence. It is not suitable for:

• construction of a new house or flat
• construction where the services of an architect or engineer are being used
• building work done in the course or furtherance of a business or to a building used for commercial purposes
• property occupied by tenants or licensees
• properties owned by businesses or by more than 4 individuals

This contract is suitable for use in the UK only.

This document creates an initial letter from a private landlord to a tenant who is in rent arrears. It should be used for residential properties rented under an assured or an assured shorthold tenancy agreement in England, or a standard occupation contract in Wales.

You must not send this letter to a tenant if you're told that they've been granted formal 'breathing space' from the rent arrears debt under the Debt respite scheme.

This document is suitable for use by a landlord of residential property to request the payment of rent due from the tenant under the terms of the tenancy. It should not be used as a demand for service charges.

You must not send this letter to a tenant if you're told that they've been granted formal 'breathing space' from rent arrears debt under the Debt respite scheme.

Many tenants, particularly those from overseas, require a letter from their landlord confirming that they have a tenancy. This can be important in opening a bank account, gaining employment, and even joining a local library. This document creates a letter from a landlord confirming the status of a tenant.

Use this letter to request a reference from a referee whose details have been supplied by a prospective tenant. The references should be obtained from a previous landlord, a previous secured lender, an employer, a bank or a building society.

Use this document to meet your legal requirements after taking a deposit from a tenant (now known as contract holders in Wales). It tells tenants which deposit protection scheme is used and, together with the scheme documents that must be provided with this notice, gives them the 'prescribed information' required by law.

Protect the deposit and give this notice and the scheme documents to the tenant within 30 days of the tenant paying the deposit. At the same time, you should also send it (together with the scheme documents) to anyone who paid the deposit for the tenant and, in order to avoid any dispute, the tenant's guarantors (if any).

You can use this document to increase the rent for a residential property in England let under an assured tenancy (including an assured shorthold tenancy). It tells the tenant about the new rent and the date from which it will apply. This document is governed by the rules in section 13 of the Housing Act 1988.

You can only use it for assured tenancies that are periodic tenancies (contractual and statutory). You can't use it for assured agricultural occupancies or for fixed-term tenancies.

For contractual periodic tenancies, don't use it if there is a rent review or rent increase clause in the tenancy agreement, or some other agreement in place between the landlord and tenant for changing the rent.

For statutory periodic tenancies, don't use it if you also want to change other terms of the tenancy.

The document is unsuitable in the situation where there are multiple landlords and one of those landlords is a business.

If you can't use this notice, you may be able to use our document Agreement to increase rent, but only if the tenant agrees to the increase.

As a landlord (or licensor), you'll inevitably collect, use and store personal information about your tenants or licensees. Under UK data protection law, you need to tell them what information you hold, how you'll use it and for what purpose. You also need to tell them about their privacy rights and how the law protects them. You can use this privacy notice to do this. It's suitable for landlords of residential or commercial property.

Use this document to request a reference from a prospective tenant's current or previous landlord in relation to a potential tenancy in Scotland. It creates 3 documents: a reference letter, a reference request mandate form and a reference form.

Use the reference request mandate form to get permission from the prospective tenant to contact their current or previous landlord.

Then, send the reference letter and reference form to the prospective tenant's current or previous landlord. Together they ask for information about the prospective tenant.

You can use it for up to 7 prospective tenants.

If you have agreed a date for completion of building works, or been given an indication of a date, and the work has not been completed by your builder, you can use this document to create a complaint letter. This document can also be used if you have not been given an indication of a completion date, but a reasonable period has passed without the work being completed. The letter makes time an essence of the contract, meaning that if your builder does not complete the work by the time specified, you can terminate the contract.

Use this document after you have sent our 'Request faulty building work to be fixed' and 'Letter enclosing estimates to complete building work' and your new builder has completed the outstanding work. If the cost of employing your new builder is more than what you have paid your original builder, the letter will demand payment of that sum. If the cost of having the new builder complete the work is less then the amount which you have paid the original builder, the letter will not demand any money from your builder, but will state that your contract has come to an end. If you are a consumer and your contract was made after 1 October 2015, this letter will include your claims under the Consumer Rights Act.

Use this document after you have sent our ‘Letter enclosing estimates to complete building work’ and your new builder has completed the outstanding work. If the cost of employing your new builder is more than what you have paid your original builder, the letter will demand payment of that sum. If the cost of having the new builder complete the work is less then the amount which you have paid the original builder, the letter will not demand any money from your builder, but will state that your contract has come to an end.

If you have terminated your builder's contract using our ‘Letter terminating contract for failure to complete outstanding building work’, you can then use this letter to enclose the estimates you have received from a new builder to complete the work left outstanding by your original builder. Your builder might respond by offering to complete the work, by challenging the reasonableness of the estimates or by offering to settle your claim. If you do employ a new builder to complete the work, you can then use our "Demand original builder pay costs of new builder" letter.

You can use this letter if you have sent the letter 'Request faulty building works to be fixed' and the matter hasn't been resolved. With this letter, you can send the builder copies of estimates that you have got from other builders for the cost of the necessary remedial works; confirm which of these estimates you have accepted; and reserve your rights to look to the original builder to recover the extra costs that you may incur in rectifying the problems. This letter is suitable for consumers or businesses.

Use this letter to terminate the contract with your builder and to advise him/her that you will be employing another builder to complete the work. Before using this document, you should have sent our "Complaint about delays in builder work" letter in which you gave a final date of when building work must be completed. After sending this letter, you can use our "Letter enclosing estimates from new builder" when you obtain estimates from prospective new builders to complete the work outstanding.

This pack provides important documents that can be used in the event of a problem during the course of your building project. It provides templates for engaging with the builder for a series of actions that might be required to get the project back on track or within budget, or to make good any building problems that have occurred. In the worst-case scenario it also provides documents that can be used to terminate a contract or seek redress.
See the individual information associated with each document in this pack for a full description of their use.

If you have instructed a builder to carry out work for you, and the final invoice has exceeded the quotation or estimate, you can use this letter to reject your builder's bill. An estimate may be slightly higher or lower than the final charge made – a quotation should be exact, irrespective of whether the builder has done more or less work. If you did not agree a quote or estimate before beginning building work, and the builder's bill was unreasonable for the work involved, you can use this document as well.

If you or your builders need to go on to your neighbour's land to carry out necessary repair works on your property, you can use this letter to request access. If your neighbour refuses consent, you might be able to obtain a county court order allowing you such access as long as the work is considered to be 'reasonably necessary' for the preservation of your property. It is important, however, that you first send a written request for consent directly to your neighbour. Please note that this document can only be used in England & Wales and cannot be used for any work relating to a party wall.

If you have employed a builder whose work was faulty or who used materials which did not conform to the contract, use this letter to ask them to fix the faults free of charge. It warns that if they don't fix the work, you will employ another builder and recover the costs and/or reject the non-conforming goods.

This letter is suitable for use by a business or consumer. If you are a consumer and the contract was made after 1 October 2015, this letter includes your claim under the Consumer Rights Act to have the builder re-do the work and/or repair or replace the faulty materials. It warns that if the builder does not take such action, you will claim a price reduction and/or damages.

Note that in some situations (e.g if the faults are serious or dangerous and you can't risk further faulty work), it might be reasonable to skip this letter and move straight to the step of asking a new builder to fix the work and ask the original builder to pay the costs of a new builder.

When letting property to tenants in Northern Ireland, use this document to create a rent book in accordance with the Private Tenancies Order 2006. You must provide your tenants with this rent book within 28 days of the start of the tenancy. Failure to provide a tenant with a rent book in accordance with these regulations can lead to a district council taking legal action. Please note that this document is only for use in Northern Ireland.

If you let a residential property to tenants in Northern Ireland, you need to give them this notice within 28 days after granting the tenancy.

This notice is also known as a Landlord's notice relating to the granting of a private tenancy. We've previously referred to it as a Statement of tenancy terms.

It's suitable in situations where there are 1 or 2 landlords and 1 or 2 tenants.

The owner of a house or flat can use this agreement to take on a lodger to occupy part of the property with them. Because this document creates a licence and not a lease, it means that you can bring the agreement to an end much more easily than under a tenancy agreement, providing you with more protection.

This agreement is suitable for up to 2 owners and 2 lodgers. All the owners must live with and share the property with the lodgers. The lodgers must occupy a single room. If there are 2 lodgers in separate rooms, you will need to create a separate agreement for each room.

Note that to use this document for properties in Wales, you must not give a notice to the lodger stating that this agreement is an occupation contract under the Renting Homes (Wales) Act 2016.

If there's a mortgage over the property, you may need to get the consent of your mortgage provider to take in the lodger.

This document allows you to increase the rent in cases where the tenant agrees to the increase. It can be used even if proceedings have already started under the Housing Act 1988 to change the rent.

It is only suitable for assured tenancies in England.

Do not use it if there is a rent review or rent increase clause in the tenancy agreement, or some other agreement in place between the landlord and tenant for changing the rent. It is also unsuitable in the situation where there are multiple landlords and one of those landlords is a business.

If you want to increase the rent without getting your tenant's agreement, you may be able to use our document Notice under section 13 of the Housing Act 1988.

This document should be used by landlords of a residential property to create a fixed-term assured shorthold tenancy agreement. Specific clauses are included to cover gas, electrical and fire safety and building maintenance. It is suitable for both regular lettings and Houses in Multiple Occupancy (HMO). The document deals with a landlord's requirement to use a Government-authorised Tenancy Deposit Protection scheme. Please note that the total rent payable should be less than £100,000 per year.

On 1 December 2022, assured shorthold tenancies were abolished in Wales due to the Renting Homes (Wales) Act. They have been replaced by standard occupation contracts.

Use this document to create either a fixed-term or a periodic standard occupation contract (also known as a written statement). It contains all the required terms and necessary explanatory information.

It's broadly based on the Welsh Assembly's model written statement, but with extra clauses and options, including:

• Break clauses
• How the contract-holder (i.e. tenant) should use, maintain and secure the property
• Access rights during the last 2 months of the contract (e.g. for viewings)
• What the contract-holder must do when the contract ends, including what happens to any property left behind
• What happens if the property is destroyed or becomes uninhabitable
• An inventory
• A guarantee



This document can be used by a landlord operating as a business entity, or by up to 4 joint landlords (who are individuals).

Note that this document can't be used for:

• A fixed-term lasting 7 years or more
• Lettings where the landlord is a registered charity, registered social landlord, local authority or other form of community landlord
• Houses in Multiple Occupation (HMOs)
• Other types of standard contracts (e.g. supported, introductory or prohibited standard contracts)
• Agricultural land
• Holiday or short-term lets
• Lets where the landlord is sharing the property
• Social housing, care institutions, asylum seekers, homeless people, employees (where the landlord is the employer) or students (where the landlord is a university or college)

Use this agreement for a property in Scotland with up to 2 landlords and up to 5 tenants. It's broadly based on the Scottish Government's model tenancy agreement but with a number of differences. We've added extra clauses to give you more in-depth detail about your and the tenant's rights and obligations, such as:

• More details on how the tenant should use, maintain and secure the property
• Where and when notices from a local or statutory authority must be sent to you
• Giving you access to the property to examine it during and before the end of the tenancy
• What the tenant must do when the tenancy ends, including what happens to any property left behind
• Specifying the interest to be charged on dishonoured rent payments
• Protecting property insurance cover or premium payments from being voidable by a tenant
• What happens if the property is destroyed or becomes uninhabitable
• The rights and obligations relating to any adjoining property you own

To use this document the tenancy must be for the tenant's only or main home. It can be used for Houses in Multiple Occupation.

It should only be used by landlords who are individuals (rather than structured/acting as businesses).

It is not suitable for residential tenancies with at least 2 acres of land, agricultural tenancies, holiday lettings, lettings of social housing, student lettings by Universities or colleges, and lettings of purpose-built student accommodation containing 30 or more bedrooms.

Landlords of a residential property in Northern Ireland can use this document to create a tenancy agreement for a fixed term, suitable for either 1 or 2 tenants. Specific clauses are included to cover gas, electrical and fire safety and building maintenance. It is not suitable for houses in multiple occupancy (HMO), which is a house tenanted by three or more unrelated people sharing kitchen and toilet facilities.