Sickness absence
Introduction
All employees, and certain groups of workers, are entitled to Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if they are sick, cannot work and meet certain qualifying conditions.
When managing absence in the workplace due to sickness, employers should balance the needs of the individual with the needs of the organisation, as well as consider the legal requirements.
Sickness absence and self-certification rules
GPs won't usually give sick employees or workers a medical statement (fit note) until they have been unwell for 8 days. For the first 7 days, you should consider requiring them to complete a self-certification form.
This will help you to keep accurate records on sickness absence, as HMRC may need to see your records if there's a dispute over payment of SSP.
Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)
You must pay your qualifying employees or workers SSP for up to 28 weeks if they are sick and unable to work. SSP is payable when they are sick for more than 3 days in a row (including non-working days).
Note: new laws expected in April 2026 in England, Wales and Scotland will remove the requirement to wait 3 qualifying days before SSP is paid. SSP will become payable from the first day that an employee or worker would normally be required to work had they not been sick. See the section on the Employment Rights Act 2025 for more information.
What is the law guide
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